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macOS以太坊安装

$ brew tap ethereum/ethereum
$ brew install ethereum

创建ethereum_home

$ cd ~
$ mkdir ethereum
$ echo 'export ethereum_home=$HOME/ethereum' >> ~/.zshrc
$ source ~/.zshrc

创建创世纪(Genesis)文件

创世纪区块是区块链上的第一个区块，Genesis文件是一个JSON文件，描述了初始区块的特性。

$ cd $ethereum_home
$ touch genesis.json

genesis.json内容如下：

{
    "nonce": "0x0000000000000042",
    "timestamp": "0x0",
    "parentHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
    "extraData": "0x",
    "gasLimit": "0x8000000",
    "difficulty": "0x400",
    "config":{},
    "mixhash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
    "coinbase": "0x3333333333333333333333333333333333333333",
    "alloc": {}
}

启动以太坊Node

$ geth --datadir "$ethereum_home/eth1" init "$ethereum_home/genesis.json"
$ geth --datadir "$ethereum_home/eth1" --networkid 1234 console 2>>eth1.log

通过geth.ipc可以将多个终端attach同一个console

$ geth attach ipc:$ethereum_home/eth1/geth.ipc

启动Peer Node

采用同样的genesis.json

$ geth --datadir "$ethereum_home/eth2" init "$ethereum_home/genesis.json"
$ geth --datadir "$ethereum_home/eth2" --port 30304 --nodiscover --networkid 1234 console 2>>eth2.log

通过admin.nodeInfo获取enode

> admin.nodeInfo
{
  enode: "enode://30312c1a5e16a1698c3b901fec03d5ae81a094dd913f1a480d5d82fad0be26911b2d1abe2b63f0b21948aa0ab4815a70880ca7d8ac19c2abd047d2e75e77552a@[::]:30304?discport=0",
  id: "30312c1a5e16a1698c3b901fec03d5ae81a094dd913f1a480d5d82fad0be26911b2d1abe2b63f0b21948aa0ab4815a70880ca7d8ac19c2abd047d2e75e77552a",
  ip: "::",
  listenAddr: "[::]:30304",
  name: "Geth/v1.8.11-stable/darwin-amd64/go1.10.3",
  ports: {
    discovery: 0,
    listener: 30304
  },
  protocols: {
    eth: {
      config: {
        chainId: null,
        eip150Hash: "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
      },
      difficulty: 1024,
      genesis: "0x6231b02ac967dff9b0c799e956094408959de862d720d08776302ffefba0300b",
      head: "0x6231b02ac967dff9b0c799e956094408959de862d720d08776302ffefba0300b",
      network: 1234
    }
  }
}

切换到console 1, admin.addPeer

> admin.addPeer("enode://30312c1a5e16a1698c3b901fec03d5ae81a094dd913f1a480d5d82fad0be26911b2d1abe2b63f0b21948aa0ab4815a70880ca7d8ac19c2abd047d2e75e77552a@[::]:30304?discport=0")
> addmin.peers

运行admin.peers，我们可以看到peer的信息了

启动挖矿

> eth.blockNumber
0

这里我们看到区块数目是0，因为还没有开始挖矿。挖矿前需要建立account，否则执行挖矿会报错（Error: etherbase missing）

> personal.newAccount('123456')
"0x9fc496826bc0745af978c7cad7d90ddee06a6293"
> miner.start(1)
> eth.blockNumber
4
> eth.blockNumber
6

我们可以在两个Node的Console上都可以看到blockNumber在不断增加，虽然只是在一个Node上进行挖矿。start(1)这里的1代表一个线程挖矿。 通过下面命令可以获取block信息和最新的block对应的miner

> eth.getBlock(5)
> eth.getBlock(eth.blockNumber).miner

停止挖矿

> miner.stop()

测试交易

新建一个账户，查看其余额

> personal.newAccount("123456)
0xd870d9a0cbfa37a53563f12a783fb697027f5668
> eth.getBalance("0xd870d9a0cbfa37a53563f12a783fb697027f5668")
0

查看之前挖矿的账户余额，用之前账户转20 Wei

> eth.getBalance("0x9fc496826bc0745af978c7cad7d90ddee06a6293")
1.01968750000000000002e+21
> eth.sendTransaction({from:"0x9fc496826bc0745af978c7cad7d90ddee06a6293", to:"0xd870d9a0cbfa37a53563f12a783fb697027f5668",value:20})
Error: authentication needed: password or unlock
    at web3.js:3143:20
    at web3.js:6347:15
    at web3.js:5081:36
    at <anonymous>:1:1

unlockAccount

> personal.unlockAccount("0x9fc496826bc0745af978c7cad7d90ddee06a6293")
> eth.sendTransaction({from:"0x9fc496826bc0745af978c7cad7d90ddee06a6293", to:"0xd870d9a0cbfa37a53563f12a783fb697027f5668",value:20})

这时候我们再次查看新账号余额会发现仍旧是0，这是因为我们之前停止了挖矿，重新开启挖矿，过几秒之后我们发现新账号余额增加了20 wei

> eth.getBalance("0xd870d9a0cbfa37a53563f12a783fb697027f5668")
0
> miner.start(1)
> eth.getBalance("0xd870d9a0cbfa37a53563f12a783fb697027f5668")
20

API

  • admin.*
  • personal.*
  • eth.* 
    > admin.nodeInfo
> personal.newAccount()
> personal.listAccounts
> eth.blockNumber